IBPS PO Reasoning Ability Syllogism #2023
इंस्टीट्यूट ऑफ बैंकिंग पर्सनेल सेलेक्शन (IBPS) विभिन्न सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र के बैंकों में प्रोबेशनरी ऑफिसर्स (PO) की भर्ती के लिए एक राष्ट्रव्यापी परीक्षा आयोजित करता है। परीक्षा में सबसे महत्वपूर्ण वर्गों में से एक रीज़निंग एबिलिटी है, जो एक उम्मीदवार के तार्किक और विश्लेषणात्मक तर्क कौशल का मूल्यांकन करता है। इस खंड के अंतर्गत शामिल विभिन्न विषयों में, न्यायवाक्य एक आवश्यक और स्कोरिंग विषय है जिस पर ध्यान देने की आवश्यकता है। इस लेख में, हम आईबीपीएस पीओ रीज़निंग एबिलिटी परीक्षा में न्यायवाक्य, इसके प्रकारों और न्यायवाक्य के प्रश्नों को हल करने के सुझावों पर चर्चा करेंगे।
Q. What is Syllogism?
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all cats are dogs and all dogs are mammals.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B) and the second statement is also an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that all cats are mammals (I) since they are part of the "dogs" category, which is wholly contained within the "mammals" category. However, we cannot conclude that all mammals are dogs (II) as the diagram shows that there may be some mammals that are not dogs.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all apples are fruits, and some fruits are bananas.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that some bananas are apples (I) because there is an overlap between the "fruits" category and the "apples" category, and the "bananas" category overlaps with the "fruits" category. However, we cannot conclude that all bananas are fruits (II) because there may be some bananas that are not part of the "fruits" category.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all dogs are animals, and all animals are living beings.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is also an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that all dogs are living beings (I) since they are part of the "animals" category, which is wholly contained within the "living beings" category. We can also conclude that all living beings are animals (II) since the "animals" category wholly overlaps with the "living beings" category.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that some cats are black, and all black animals are beautiful.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an I-type statement (Some A are B), and the second statement is an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that some cats are beautiful (I) because there is an overlap between the "black" category and the "cats" category, and the "black" category is wholly contained within the "beautiful" category. However, we cannot conclude that all cats are beautiful (II) because there may be some cats that are not black and, therefore, not part of the "beautiful" category.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all pens are stationery items, and some stationery items are expensive.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that some pens are expensive (I) because there is an overlap between the "stationery" category and the "expensive" category, and the "pens" category is wholly contained within the "stationery" category. However, we cannot conclude that all expensive items are pens (II) because there may be some other expensive stationery items that are not pens.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all birds can fly, and all parrots are birds.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that both statements are A-type statements (All A are B).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that all parrots can fly (I) because parrots are a subset of the "birds" category, and all birds can fly. However, we cannot conclude that all birds are parrots (II) because there may be other birds that are not parrots.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all dogs are mammals, and all mammals have fur.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that both statements are A-type statements (All A are B).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that all dogs have fur (I) because dogs are a subset of the "mammals" category, and all mammals have fur. However, we cannot conclude that all animals with fur are dogs (II) because there may be other mammals that have fur but are not dogs.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that some cars are red, and all red things are beautiful.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an I-type statement (Some A are B), and the second statement is an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that some cars are beautiful (I) because there is an overlap between the "red" category and the "cars" category, and the "red" category is wholly contained within the "beautiful" category. However, we cannot conclude that all beautiful things are cars (II) because there may be other beautiful things that are not cars.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all politicians are liars, and some journalists are politicians.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that some journalists are liars (I) because there is an overlap between the "politicians" category and the "journalists" category, and all politicians are liars. However, we cannot conclude that all liars are politicians (II) because there may be other people who are liars but not politicians.
Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all fruits are healthy, and some fruits are sweet.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some A are B).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
From this diagram, we can conclude that some sweet things are healthy (I) because there is an overlap between the "fruits" category and the "sweet" category, and all fruits are healthy. However, we cannot conclude that all healthy things are sweet (II) because there may be other healthy things that are not sweet.
Q. What is Syllogism?
A. Syllogism is a logical reasoning process where two or more propositions are used to draw a conclusion. It is a deductive reasoning method that involves evaluating the relationship between two or more statements and deriving a logical conclusion based on the given information. The syllogism questions in the IBPS PO exam primarily test a candidate's ability to deduce a valid conclusion from the given statements.
In conclusion, mastering syllogism is crucial to score well in the IBPS PO Reasoning Ability exam. Syllogism questions are logical and analytical in nature and require a deep understanding of the basic concepts and rules. Practice regularly, and use the tips mentioned above to ace the syllogism questions in the IBPS PO Reasoning Ability exam.
- Types of Syllogism: There are different types of Syllogism, namely - Categorical Syllogism, Hypothetical Syllogism, Disjunctive Syllogism, and Conditional Syllogism. However, the most common type of syllogism that appears in the IBPS PO Reasoning Ability exam is the Categorical Syllogism.
- Categorical Syllogism: Categorical Syllogism is a type of syllogism where two categorical statements are used to draw a logical conclusion. A categorical statement is a declarative statement that asserts or denies the relationship between two categories or classes. The categorical statements are usually in the form of - All A are B, No A is B, Some A are B, Some A are not B. In the IBPS PO exam, the questions on categorical syllogism will be presented in the form of Venn diagrams, which will aid in understanding the relationship between the given categories.
Tips to Ace Syllogism questions in IBPS PO Reasoning Ability:
- Understand the basic concepts of syllogism and its types.
- Practice solving syllogism questions regularly, which will enhance your logical and analytical reasoning skills.
- Learn the rules of the categorical syllogism, such as the A, E, I, O rule, and the Venn diagram rules, which will help in identifying the relationship between the given categories.
- Memorize the standard forms of the categorical statements and their conversions, such as All A are B is equivalent to No B is not A.
- Read the given statements carefully and try to identify the relationship between the categories. The key to solving syllogism questions is to analyze the given statements logically and draw valid conclusions.
- Use the process of elimination to eliminate the wrong options, which will increase the chances of selecting the correct option.
- Avoid making assumptions or drawing conclusions based on your preconceived notions or beliefs.
IBPS PO Reasoning Ability Syllogism Question & Answer
Question: Statements: All cats are dogs. All dogs are mammals.
Conclusions: I. All cats are mammals. II. All mammals are dogs.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all cats are dogs and all dogs are mammals.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B) and the second statement is also an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Mammals |
|_______o______|
| |
| Dogs |
|_______o______|
| |
| Cats |
|_______o______|
Question: Statements: All apples are fruits. Some fruits are bananas.
Conclusions: I. Some bananas are apples. II. All bananas are fruits.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all apples are fruits, and some fruits are bananas.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Fruits |
|_______o______|
| |
| Apples |
|_______o______|
| |
| Bananas |
|___o________|
Question: Statements: All dogs are animals. All animals are living beings.
Conclusions: I. All dogs are living beings. II. All living beings are animals.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all dogs are animals, and all animals are living beings.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is also an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
|Living Beings|
|_______o______|
| |
| Animals |
|_______o______|
| |
| Dogs |
|_______o______|
Question: Statements: Some cats are black. All black animals are beautiful.
Conclusions: I. Some cats are beautiful. II. All cats are beautiful.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that some cats are black, and all black animals are beautiful.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an I-type statement (Some A are B), and the second statement is an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Beautiful |
|_______o______|
| |
| Black |
|_______o______|
| |
| Cats |
|___o________|
Question: Statements: All pens are stationery items. Some stationery items are expensive.
Conclusions: I. Some pens are expensive. II. All expensive items are pens.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all pens are stationery items, and some stationery items are expensive.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Stationery |
|_______o______|
| |
| Pens |
|_______o______|
| |
| Expensive |
|___o________|
Question: Statements: All birds can fly. All parrots are birds.
Conclusions: I. All parrots can fly. II. All birds are parrots.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all birds can fly, and all parrots are birds.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that both statements are A-type statements (All A are B).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Birds |
|_______o______|
| |
| Parrots |
|_______o______|
Question: Statements: All dogs are mammals. All mammals have fur.
Conclusions: I. All dogs have fur. II. All animals with fur are dogs.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all dogs are mammals, and all mammals have fur.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that both statements are A-type statements (All A are B).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Mammals |
|_______o______|
| |
| Dogs |
|_______o______|
| |
| Fur |
|___o________|
Question: Statements: Some cars are red. All red things are beautiful.
Conclusions: I. Some cars are beautiful. II. All beautiful things are cars.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that some cars are red, and all red things are beautiful.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an I-type statement (Some A are B), and the second statement is an A-type statement (All B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Beautiful |
|_______o______|
| |
| Red |
|_______o______|
| |
| Cars |
|___o________|
Question: Statements: All politicians are liars. Some journalists are politicians.
Conclusions: I. Some journalists are liars. II. All liars are politicians.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all politicians are liars, and some journalists are politicians.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some B are C).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Liars |
|_______o______|
| |
| Politicians |
|_______o______|
| |
| Journalists |
|___o________|
Question: Statements: All fruits are healthy. Some fruits are sweet.
Conclusions: I. Some sweet things are healthy. II. All healthy things are sweet.Answer: From the given statements, we can see that all fruits are healthy, and some fruits are sweet.
Using the A, E, I, O rule of categorical syllogism, we can see that the first statement is an A-type statement (All A are B), and the second statement is an I-type statement (Some A are B).
Using these statements, we can draw the following Venn diagram:
| Healthy |
|_______o______|
| |
| Fruits |
|_______o______|
| |
| Sweet |
|___o________|
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